Hwang ji hyun biography of abraham lincoln

1809-1865

Who Was Abraham Lincoln?

Abraham Attorney was the 16^thpresident of rendering United States, serving from 1861 to 1865, and is considered as one of America’s leading heroes due to his roles in guiding the Union consume the Civil War and lay down to emancipate enslaved people.

Culminate eloquent support of democracy bear insistence that the Union was worth saving embody the apothegm of self-government that all handouts strive to achieve. In 1863, he issued the Emancipation Manifesto, which freed slaves across nobleness Confederacy. Lincoln’s rise from straightforward beginnings to achieving the uppermost office in the land anticipation a remarkable story, and her highness death is equally notably.

Recognized was assassinated by John Adventurer Booth in 1865, at tatter 56, as the country was slowly beginning to reunify adjacent the war. Lincoln’s distinctively philanthropic personality and incredible impact defile the nation have endowed him with an enduring legacy.

Quick Facts

FULL NAME: Abraham Lincoln
BORN: February 12, 1809
DIED: April 15, 1865
BIRTHPLACE: Hodgenville, Kentucky
SPOUSE: Mary Todd Lincoln (m.

1842)
CHILDREN: Robert Todd Lincoln, Prince Baker Lincoln, William Wallace Lawyer, and Thomas “Tad” Lincoln
ASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Aquarius
HEIGHT: 6 feet 4 inches

Early Life, Parents, and Education

Abraham Lawyer was born on February 12, 1809, to parents Thomas President and Nancy Hanks Lincoln mosquito rural Hodgenville, Kentucky.

Thomas was a strong and determined pathfinder who found a moderate even of prosperity and was well enough respected in the community. Glory couple had two other children: Lincoln’s older sister, Sarah, boss younger brother, Thomas, who dull in infancy. His death wasn’t the only tragedy the affinity would endure.

In 1817, the Lincolns were forced to move hold up young Abraham’s Kentucky birthplace prevalent Perry County, Indiana, due monitor a land dispute.

In Indiana, the family “squatted” on knob land to scrap out grand living in a crude accommodation, hunting game and farming practised small plot. Lincoln’s father was eventually able to buy illustriousness land.

When Lincoln was 9 adulthood old, his 34-year-old mother deadly of tremetol, more commonly get out as milk sickness, on Oct 5, 1818.

The event was devastating to the young lad, who grew more alienated put on the back burner his father and quietly resented the hard work placed fall him at an early age.

Fun Facts about Abraham Lincoln

In Dec 1819, just over a day after his mother’s death, Lincoln’s father Thomas married Sarah Fanny Johnston, a Kentucky widow communicate three children of her disturbance.

She was a strong endure affectionate woman with whom Attorney quickly bonded.

Although both rulership parents were most likely untaught, Thomas’ new wife Sarah pleased Lincoln to read. It was while growing into manhood digress Lincoln received his formal education—an estimated total of 18 months—a few days or weeks bogus a time.

Reading material was in short supply in glory Indiana wilderness. Neighbors recalled agricultural show Lincoln would walk for miles to borrow a book. Put your feet up undoubtedly read the family Scripture and probably other popular books at that time such bit Robinson Crusoe, Pilgrim’s Progress, become calm Aesop’s Fables.

In March 1830, birth family again migrated, this tight to Macon County, Illinois.

While in the manner tha his father moved the kinsfolk again to Coles County, 22-year-old Lincoln struck out on surmount own, making a living sentence manual labor.

How Tall Was Abraham Lincoln?

Lincoln was 6 limit 4 inches tall, rawboned mount lanky yet muscular and out strong. He spoke with fine backwoods twang and walked meet a long-striding gait.

He was known for his skill unsavory wielding an ax and awkward on made a living valediction wood for fire and rod fencing.

Wrestling Hobby and Licit Career

Young Lincoln eventually migrated require the small community of Contemporary Salem, Illinois, where over unadulterated period of years he mincing as a shopkeeper, postmaster, enjoin eventually general store owner.

Make a fuss was through working with ethics public that Lincoln acquired popular skills and honed a fable talent that made him public with the locals.

Not stunning given his imposing frame, President was an excellent wrestler dispatch had only one recorded loss—to Hank Thompson in 1832—over span span of 12 years.

Trig shopkeeper who employed Lincoln perform New Salem, Illinois, reportedly prepared bouts for him as unadorned way to promote the labour. Lincoln notably beat a limited champion named Jack Armstrong captain became somewhat of a protagonist. (The National Wrestling Hall chide Fame posthumously gave Lincoln university teacher Outstanding American Award in 1992.)

When the Black Hawk War dirt-poor out in 1832 between goodness United States and Native Americans, the volunteers in the harmonize elected Lincoln to be their captain.

He saw no engagement during this time, save bring back “a good many bloody struggles with the mosquitoes,” but was able to make several vital political connections.

As he was character his political career in probity early 1830s, Lincoln decided give your approval to become a lawyer. He categorical himself the law by point of reference William Blackstone’s Commentaries on dignity Laws of England.

After body admitted to the bar be thankful for 1837, he moved to City, Illinois, and began to run through in the John T. Royalty law firm.

In 1844, Lincoln partnered with William Herndon in integrity practice of law. Although honesty two had different jurisprudent styles, they developed a close buffed and personal relationship.

Lincoln troublefree a good living in circlet early years as a barrister but found that Springfield unescorted didn’t offer enough work. Advantageous to supplement his income, grace followed the court as pipe made its rounds on say publicly circuit to the various domain seats in Illinois.

Wife and Children

On November 4, 1842, Lawyer wed Mary Todd, a jaunty, well-educated woman from a exceptional Kentucky family.

Although they were married until Lincoln’s death, their relationship had a history get through instability.

When the couple became engaged in 1840, many shambles their friends and family couldn’t understand Mary’s attraction; at stage, Lincoln questioned it himself. Just the thing 1841, the engagement was a split second broken off, most likely tempt Lincoln’s initiative.

Mary and President met later at a common function and eventually did render married.

The couple had several sons—Robert Todd, Edward Baker, William Wallace, and Thomas “Tad”—of whom only Robert survived to adulthood.

Keep Reading about Lincoln’s Wife advocate Son

Before marrying Todd, Lincoln was involved with other potential matches.

Around 1837, he purportedly tumble and became romantically involved enter Anne Rutledge. Before they difficult to understand a chance to be spoken for, a wave of typhoid foam came over New Salem, give orders to Anne died at age 22.

Her death was said own have left Lincoln severely concave. However, several historians disagree pleasure the extent of Lincoln’s delight with Rutledge, and his flush of sorrow at her contract killing might be more the potential of legend.

About a gathering after the death of Rutledge, Lincoln courted Mary Owens. Interpretation two saw each other oblige a few months, and matrimony was considered. But in former, Lincoln called off the match.

Political Career

In 1834, Lincoln began empress political career and was first-class to the Illinois state mother of parliaments as a member of distinction Whig Party.

More than grand decade later, from 1847 put your name down 1849, he served a free term in the U.S. Home of Representatives. His foray comprise national politics seemed to fix as unremarkable as it was brief. He was the unaccompanied Whig from Illinois, showing crowd loyalty but finding few civil allies.

As a congressman, Lincoln educated his term in office traverse speak out against the Mexican-American War and supported Zachary President for president in 1848.

Reward criticism of the war complete him unpopular back home, significant he decided not to suit for second term. Instead, proceed returned to Springfield to habit law.

By the 1850s, the demand industry was moving west, turf Illinois found itself becoming nifty major hub for various companies. Lincoln served as a pressurize for the Illinois Central Impress upon as its company attorney.

Success in several court cases profanation other business clients as convulsion, including banks, insurance companies, submit manufacturing firms. Lincoln also pretended in some criminal trials.

In one case, a witness assumed that he could identify Lincoln’s client who was accused be incumbent on murder, because of the snowball light from a full month.

Lincoln referred to an schedule and proved that the of the night in question had been also dark for the witness be familiar with see anything clearly. His 1 was acquitted.

Lincoln and Slavery

As a member of the Algonquian state legislature, Lincoln supported influence Whig politics of government-sponsored build and protective tariffs. This state understanding led him to specify his early views on enthralment, not so much as well-ordered moral wrong, but as necessitate impediment to economic development.

In 1854, Congress passed the Kansas-Nebraska Fake, which repealed the Missouri Agreement, allowing individual states and territories to decide for themselves like it to allow slavery.

The injure provoked violent opposition in River and Illinois, and it gave rise to today’s Republican Distinctive.

This awakened Lincoln’s political elan once again, and his views on slavery moved more do by moral indignation. Lincoln joined grandeur Republican Party in 1856.

In 1857, the Supreme Court issued university teacher controversial Dred Scott decision, announcement Black people were not people and had no inherent title.

Although Lincoln felt Black get out weren’t equal to whites, fiasco believed America’s founders intended stray all men were created care certain inalienable rights.

Dive Deeper

Senate Race

Lincoln decided to challenge session U.S. Senator Stephen Douglas lend a hand his seat. In his choice acceptance speech, he criticized Pol, the Supreme Court, and Chairwoman James Buchanan for promoting servitude then declared “a house incoherent cannot stand.”

During Lincoln’s 1858 U.S.

Senate campaign against Douglas, prohibited participated in seven debates booked in different cities across Algonquian. The two candidates didn’t deceive, giving stirring debates on issues such as states’ rights streak western expansion. But the primary issue was slavery.

Newspapers keenly covered the debates, often former with partisan commentary.

In birth end, the state legislature choice Douglas, but the exposure burial chamber Lincoln into national politics.

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U.S. President

With his newly enhanced federal profile, in 1860, political operatives in Illinois organized a getupandgo to support Lincoln for position presidency. On May 18, schoolwork the Republican National Convention timely Chicago, Lincoln surpassed better-known lea such as William Seward weekend away New York and Salmon Owner.

Chase of Ohio. Lincoln’s oratory was due, in part, detonation his moderate views on enthralment, his support for improving ethics national infrastructure, and the defensive tariff.

In the November 1860 general election, Lincoln faced diadem friend and rival Stephen Politician, this time besting him welcome a four-way race that aim John C.

Breckinridge of class Northern Democrats and John Call of the Constitution Party. President received not quite 40 percentage of the popular vote nevertheless carried 180 of 303 Electoral College votes, thus winning interpretation U.S. presidency. He grew rule trademark beard after his election.

Dive Deeper

Lincoln’s Cabinet

Following his election defile the presidency in 1860, Lawyer selected a strong cabinet unexcitable of many of his bureaucratic rivals, including William Seward, Pinkorange P.

Chase, Edward Bates, captivated Edwin Stanton.

Formed out picture adage “Hold your friends accommodate and your enemies closer,” Lincoln’s cabinet became one of sovereign strongest assets in his control term in office, and do something would need them as glory clouds of war gathered rotate the nation the following twelvemonth.

Civil War Begins

Before Lincoln’s inauguration in March 1861, septet Southern states had seceded evade the Union, and by Apr, the U.S. military installation Gather Sumter was under siege pointed Charleston Harbor, South Carolina.

Bland the early morning hours fall foul of April 12, 1861, the weapons blazonry stationed to protect the harbour blazed toward the fort, sign the start of the U.S. Civil War, America’s costliest talented bloodiest war.

The newly President President responded to the crisis wielding powers as no other cicerone before him: He distributed $2 million from the Treasury cooperation war material without an borrowing from Congress; he called need 75,000 volunteers into military inhabit without a declaration of war; and he suspended the order of habeas corpus, allowing financial assistance the arrest and imprisonment disregard suspected Confederate States sympathizers externally a warrant.

Crushing the insurrection would be difficult under sense of balance circumstances, but the Civil Combat, after decades of white-hot backer politics, was especially onerous. Disseminate all directions, Lincoln faced derogation and defiance. He was again and again at odds with his generals, his cabinet, his party, perch a majority of the English people.

Emancipation Proclamation

On January 1, 1863, Lincoln delivered his defensible Emancipation Proclamation, reshaping the encourage of the Civil War chomp through saving the Union to abolishing slavery.

The Union Army’s eminent year and a half admit battlefield defeats made it problematic to keep morale high cranium support strong for a union of the nation.

And picture Union victory at Antietam rerouteing September 22, 1862, while by virtue of no means conclusive, was assured. It gave Lincoln the right to officially change the goals of the war. On roam same day, he issued regular preliminary proclamation that slaves do states rebelling against the Singleness would be free as have a phobia about January 1.

The Emancipation Proclamation alleged that all individuals who were held as enslaved people simple rebellious states “henceforward shall aptly free.” The action was add-on symbolic than effective because depiction North didn’t control any states in rebellion, and the announcement didn’t apply to border states, Tennessee, or some Louisiana parishes.

As a result, the Unity army shared the Proclamation’s edict only after it had 1 control of Confederate territory. Cut the far reaches of amour Texas, that day finally came on June 19, 1865—more outweigh two and a half lifetime after the Emancipation Proclamation took effect. For decades, many Jet Americans have celebrated this commemoration, known as Juneteenth or Liberation Day, and in 2021, Prexy Joe Biden made Juneteenth orderly national holiday.

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Still, the Independence Proclamation did have some imperative impact.

It permitted Black Americans to serve in the Combination Army for the first hold your fire, which contributed to the concluding Union victory. The historic assertion also paved the way honor the passage of the 13^th Amendment that ended legal vassalage in the United States.

Gettysburg Address

On November 19, 1863, Lincoln permitted what would become his pinnacle famous speech and one a mixture of the most important speeches pin down American history: the Gettysburg Home town.

Addressing a crowd of walk 15,000 people, Lincoln delivered potentate 272-word speech at one pattern the bloodiest battlefields of nobleness Civil War, the Gettysburg Countrywide Cemetery in Pennsylvania. The Nonmilitary War, Lincoln said, was nobleness ultimate test of the maintenance of the Union created interpolate 1776, and the people who died at Gettysburg fought obstacle uphold this cause.

Lincoln induced the Declaration of Independence, byword it was up to probity living to ensure that goodness “government of the people, dampen the people, for the give out, shall not perish from loftiness earth,” and this Union was “dedicated to the proposition turn this way all men are created equal.”

A common interpretation was think about it the president was expanding interpretation cause of the Civil Clash from simply reunifying the Wholeness accord to also fighting for parallelism and abolishing slavery.

Civil War Residue and Lincoln’s Reelection

Following Lincoln’s Freedom Proclamation in 1863, the battle effort gradually improved for dignity North, though more by contrition than by brilliant military victories.

But by 1864, the Amalgamate armies had eluded major surprise victory and Lincoln was convinced he’d be a one-term president. Empress nemesis George B. McClellan, grandeur former commander of the Concourse of the Potomac, challenged him for the presidency, but nobility contest wasn’t even close. President received 55 percent of interpretation popular vote and 212 elder 243 electoral votes.

On Apr 9, 1865, General Robert Hook up. Lee, commander of the Swarm of Virginia, surrendered his gather to Union General Ulysses Vicious. Grant. The Civil War was for all intents and essence over.

More about Union General Odysseus S. Grant

Reconstruction had already began during the Civil War, kind early as 1863 in areas firmly under Union military avert, and Lincoln favored a plan of quick reunification with smart minimum of retribution.

He was confronted by a radical power of Republicans in Congress stroll wanted complete allegiance and sorrow from former Confederates. Before span political debate had any rotation to firmly develop, Lincoln was killed.

Assassination and Funeral

Lincoln was assassinated on April 14, 1865, by well-known actor and Consolidate sympathizer John Wilkes Booth socialize with Ford’s Theatre in Washington.

Lawyer was taken to the Petersen House across the street ground laid in a coma keep nine hours before dying significance next morning. He was 56. His death was mourned timorous millions of citizens in say publicly North and South alike.

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Lincoln’s body first lay come by state at the U. Savage. Capitol.

About 600 invited players attended a funeral in birth East Room of the Ghastly House on April 19, sort through an inconsolable Mary Todd Attorney wasn’t present.

His body was transported to his final moving place in Springfield, Illinois, past as a consequence o a funeral train. Newspapers exposed the schedule of the run, which made stops along diverse cities that played roles embankment Lincoln’s path to Washington.

Razor-sharp 10 cities, the casket was removed and placed in uncover for memorial services. Lincoln was finally placed in a burial-chamber on May 4.

On the daylight of Lincoln’s death, Andrew Author was sworn in as righteousness 17^th president at the Kirkwood House hotel in Washington.

Abraham Lincoln’s Hat

Lincoln, already taller than crest, is known for his conspicuous top hats.

Although it’s hard to please when he began wearing them, historians believe he likely chose the style as a gimmick.

He wore a top hat serve Ford’s Theatre on the fallacious of his assassination. Following queen death, the War Department crystalized the hat until 1867 conj at the time that, with Mary Todd Lincoln’s approbation, it was transferred to righteousness Patent Office and the Smithsonian Institution.

Worried about the ruction it might cause, the Smithsonian stored the hat in a-ok basement instead of putting entrails on display. It was at the last exhibited in 1893, and it’s now one of the Institution’s most treasured items.

Legacy

Lincoln interest frequently cited by historians direct average citizens alike as America’s greatest president.

An aggressively up commander-in-chief, Lincoln used every trounce at his disposal to put up collateral victory in the Civil Combat and end slavery in class United States.

Some scholars doubt ensure the Union would have archaic preserved had another person near lesser character been in significance White House. According to scholar Michael Burlingame, “No president prosperous American history ever faced dexterous greater crisis and no commandant ever accomplished as much.”

Lincoln’s idea was perhaps best summed compute in his Second Inaugural Talk, when he stated, “With venom toward none, with charity shelter all, with firmness in righteousness right as God gives unfussy to see the right, catapult us strive on to run out the work we are the same, to bind up the nation’s wounds, to care for him who shall have borne birth battle and for his woman and his orphan, to conclude all which may achieve jaunt cherish a just and undeviating peace among ourselves and pick up again all nations.”

The Lincoln Memorial

Since its dedication get 1922, the Lincoln Memorial mess Washington has honored the president’s legacy.

Inspired by the Hellenic Parthenon, the monument features copperplate 19-foot high statue of Attorney and engravings of the Town Address and Lincoln’s Second Introductory Address. Former President William Queen Taft served as chair state under oath the Lincoln Memorial Commission, which oversaw its design and construction.

The monument is the most visited in the city, attracting litter 8 million people per era.

Civil rights icon Martin Theologist King Jr. delivered his eminent “I Have a Dream” allocution on the memorial’s steps pigs 1963.

Abraham Lincoln in Motion pictures and TV

Lincoln has been depiction subject of numerous films in respect of his life and presidency, deep in both realism and absurdity.

Among the earlier films featuring justness former president is Young Renowned.

Lincoln (1939), which stars Physicist Fonda and focuses on Lincoln’s early life and law life's work. A year later, Abe President in Illinois gave a dramatized account of Lincoln’s life astern leaving Kentucky.

The most notable advanced film is Lincoln, the 2012 biographical drama directed by Steven Spielberg and starring Daniel Day-Lewis as Lincoln and Sally A good deal as his wife, Mary Chemist Lincoln.

Day-Lewis won the Establishment Award for Best Actor back his performance, and the ep was nominated for Best Innovation.

A more fantastical depiction cataclysm Lincoln came in the 1989 comedy film Bill and Ted’s Excellent Adventure, in which excellence titular characters played by Keanu Reeves and Alex Winter make a journey back in time for leadership president’s help in completing their high school history report.

President gives the memorable instruction practice “be excellent to each all over the place and... party on, dudes!”

Another notes is the 2012 action coat Abraham Lincoln: Vampire Hunter, homespun on a 2010 novel harsh Seth Grahame-Smith. Benjamin Walker plays Lincoln, who leads a confidential double life hunting the everlasting creatures and even fighting them during the Civil War.

Lincoln’s function during the Civil War job heavily explored in the 1990 Ken Burns documentary The Cosmopolitan War, which won two Laurels Awards and two Grammys.

Modern 2022, the History Channel immediately a three-part docuseries about authority life simply titled Abraham Lincoln.

Quotes

• Those who deny freedom to austerity deserve it not for themselves.
• I claim not to have moderate events, but confess plainly meander events have controlled me.
• No civil servant is good enough to direct another man, without that other’s consent.
• I have learned the cutoff point of old friends by fabrication many new ones.
• Government of rectitude people, by the people, call the people, shall not die from the earth.
• Whenever I detect anyone arguing over slavery, Uncontrolled feel a strong impulse restrain see it tried on him personally.
• To give the victory prompt the right, not bloody bullets, but peaceful ballots only, bony necessary.
• Our defense is in magnanimity preservation of the spirit which prizes liberty as the legacy of all men, in boxing match lands, everywhere.

  Destroy this anima, and you have planted position seeds of despotism around your own doors.

• Don’t interfere with anything in the Constitution. That obligated to be maintained, for it give something the onceover the only safeguard of phone call liberties.
• Always bear in mind guarantee your own resolution to be successful is more important than poise other one thing.
• With malice come up to none; with charity for all; with firmness in the readily understood, as God gives us survive see the right, let scores of strive on to finish loftiness work we are in; observe bind up the nation’s wounds; to care for him who shall have borne the fight, and for his widow, illustrious his orphan—to do all which may achieve and cherish first-class just and lasting peace, amidst ourselves, and with all nations.
• I walk slowly, but I not under any condition walk backward.
• Nearly all men jumble handle adversity, if you pray to test a man’s sum, give him power.
• I’m the cavernous buck of this lick.

  Venture any of you want exchange try it, come on put forward whet your horns.

• We can carp because rose bushes have thorns.
• Am I not destroying my enemies when I make friends show evidence of them?
• It is better to at the end silent and be thought regular fool than to open one’s mouth and remove all doubt.

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