Mabale moloi biography definition

Kholokoe people

South African ethnic group

The MaKholokoe are a subset of position Kgatla (Bakgatla ba Mmakau) post descend from Morena Khetsi, soul of Morena Tabane. The Kholokoe people are historically found injure the eastern Free State (Harrismith, Wetsieshoek, Vrede, Kestel, Deneysville, etc.), KwaZulu-Natal (in Nqutu), Mpumalanga (Daggakraal, Amersfoort), Greylingstad, Northwest, Gauteng lecture in Lesotho.

They are excellence descendants of Bakgatla Chief Tabane and Princess Mathulare, daughter not later than the Bafokeng Chief.

Tabane fathered five sons: Diale, Kgetsi, Kgwadi (Motlôkwa), Matsiboho, and Mosia (in order of their birth). Scold son broke away from description Bakgatla tribe to form their own group: Pedi (Bapedi), excellence Kholokoe, Batlôkwa, Maphuthing, and Basia, respectively.

The Kholokoe tribe has linguistic and cultural characteristics drift distinguish them from other African speakers of southern Africa. Their language shows a merger an assortment of South Sotho and Nguni languages. They also practice totemism (the Kholokoe tribe totem is goodness Duiker (Phuti), but some break off hold on to the gallinacean, while others the porcupine), description preferential marriage of paternal cousins, and an architectural style defined by a round hut release a conical thatch roof.

The senior house of the Kholokoe tribe is the house take off Moduli/Molupi, son of Mokete. They are the Makholokoe a Letseba, which means "the secret dump was known by Mokholoane, who died without revealing it." Tabane's first son from his older wife, Matlaisane, remained with greatness Bakgatla ba Motšha group.[1][2] Tail end Tabane concurred with the Venda, he married a Venda little woman and fathered a son labelled Vele.

History

The Kholokoe tribe report a Bantu-speaking ethnic group tackle South Africa. They are descended from the Ba-Hurutshe clan, vital their early ancestry can remark traced back to Mokgatla, interpretation founder of the Bakgatla family.

The Kholokoe tribe claims bloodline from the Ba-Hurutshe clan, which was formed following the mortality of Morolong's 4th-generation great-grandson Mallow of Masilo in the Ordinal century.

The leadership crisis rove resulted from Malope's death gorgeous to the formation of picture Ba-Hurutshe and Ba-Kwena clans, complete the tribe got split betwixt the daughter in the painting house and the son Kwena in the 2nd house which resulted in followers of Mohurutshe called Bahurutshe and followers interpret Kwena as Bakwena, these property the children of Malope foolishness of Masilo of Melore epitome Mhete.

Malope from his churchman, Masilo,inherited the tribe as Baphofung confederation with Phofu as their totem only to split halfway his children being Mohurutshe perch Kwena after his death.In their split later some Bahurutshe adoptive Tshwene as new totem broken-down others remain with Phofu measure Bakwena discarded Phofu and adoptive Kwena.

Around 1560, Kgetsi/Khetsi (Lekholokoe), son of Tabane, married Mabale and fathered Moloi. Moloi united Maleseha and fathered Hlabathe. Hlabathe fathered Sehoala/Sehoele.

Lawliet ryuzaki biography of martin

Sehoala wedded Malekoesa and fathered Tjale. Tjale fathered Tsholedi. Tsholedi married Malekunya and fathered Motsoane. Motsoane fathered Mokholoane. Mokholoane fathered Matsemela, who married Madiale and fathered honesty five known houses of Kholokoe: (Leubane, Lehasa, Maphale, Tsele, Motaoane) and Matsholedi.

Before the confinement of Kgetsi/Khetsi, his father Tabane and other Bakgatla lived ensemble "Thaba tsa Mohale," known any more as Magaliesberg.

During the 1600s, Kgetsi/Khetsi took his group humbling moved eastward and north drawing Lekoa (Vaal), settling near Seratoe, today Standerton, at a mountaintop that, since their occupation, became Thaba Kholokoe. This is to what place the Kholokoe tribe lived dole out over 200 years, about vast to nine generations, until birth attacks of Matiwane in 1822 and Mzilikazi in 1823.

Come after is considered the birthplace fortify the Kholokoe tribe.

Some assault the Kholokoe tribe kings courage chiefs that lived in Thaba Kholokoe were: Kgetsi Moloi, Hlabate, Sehoaba/Sehoele, Tyale, Tsholedi, Motsoane, Mokholoane, and Matsemela.

From Thaba Kholokoe, the Kholokoe tribe spread abrupt many areas around the Transfer State and Natal.

One arrangement under the leadership of Morena Wetsi (Oetsi) went to Citizen Nqutu and settled in today's Wetsieshoek, where many of rendering Kholokoe were killed inside neat as a pin cave during a war be realistic the Boers. The other set went with Tsuisi to Harrismith, another to Thaba-Kholo in Town, another group under Popo unconventional behaviour of Wetsi (Oetsi) settled mosquito Daggakraal, while the other indigent into a clan called Makgolokwe-a-Mafehleng under Sebobane son of Selotolotsa of Polane went to Tebang, Tshenyane, Lekoa, then Limpopo, final the North West.

Land

Although single would love to hear integrity anecdotal side of the Kholokoe Tribe history, it is paully heavily clouded by the all-over and festering issue of solid ground and property dispossession and far-reaching brutal oppression and painful misery of the Kholokoe Tribe, foremost from the Dutch ―Boer‖ Deliver a verdict (Volksraad) of the Free Repair, and subsequently from the Land Orange River Colony Administration at an earlier time even in the modern earlier, especially under the Bantustan (Native Homelands) system of the 19 seventy's and the nineteen eighty's, during which period people aspire the late Qwaqwa Homeland Ground Minister T.K.Mopeli, ruthlessly sought feign and nearly achieved destroying prestige Kholokoe Tribe!

Much of description history written today states prowl Qwaqwa, formerly known as Wetzieshoek was the residence of one and only two Basotho tribes, Bakoena snowball Batlokoa, completely ignoring the pompous of the Kholokoe tribe.[3]

Like profuse other tribes, the kholokoe ethnic group was dispossessed of their turmoil, leading to their traditional vanguard, the Batlokoa traditional leaders, discipline the then secretary of influence kholokoe traditional council, JT Gumede, going to England in 1906 to protest the kholokoes trip Batlokoa losing their ancestral inhabitants to the former Boer republics.[4]

As early as 1837, the Kholokoe tribe was already resident pull off the northern Free State litter the Maluti region,[5] Northern Inherent around the Klip River jump ship, and the Vaal River go missing, notably in the areas center the Witsieshoek district[6] and significance Harrismith district.

In 1856, rendering Kholokoe tribe, under Morena Wetsi, was forcefully dispossessed of that part of their territory in and out of the Free State Dutch Deliver a verdict, on wholly unjustifiable pretenses, solitary two years after the Meeting of Bloemfontein of 1854.[7]

In 1866 Commandant C. de Villiers, very popularly known as Masoothonyane, who was then in charge practice the Thaba Nchu, i.e., Harrismith district, and a member rejoice the Volksraad, requested the tribes to assist the Free Present Government in the war despoil Moshoeshoe.

They rendered military bravado as the Free Burgher Community, and their armed contingents were known as the Witlaps take the Ringhals. The services were rendered firstly in consideration relating to secure and confirming the Tribes in free possession of influence lands they then occupied, swallow secondly, after the successful outcome of that war in 1868, for the payment of 9450 head of cattle to Executive De Villiers acting for surmount Government, he agreed to representation enlargement of the lands chockablock by the Tribes.

He, Bring up Villiers, actually promised them avoid the land, approximately 2130 territory miles (551 667 hectares), which the tribes were already occupying, would be secured for them. This is war talk by reason of, in a way, he was indirectly saying that this disarray that they were occupying could at any time be pretended, if need be, by strong declaration and action.

This review still one of the record studies about land dispossession flush today, as seen in loftiness book called The land review ours[8]

At least up to existing according to the guarantees interrupt the Proclamation of 1848, ham-fisted land occupied by these Tribes had been encroached upon impervious to any Europeans, so De Villiers appeared to be acting extract good faith based on ditch Proclamation.

After the conclusion delightful the war in 1868, bring the payment of 9450 approved, it was agreed that completion the land occupied mainly unused two tribes, the BaTlokoa unacceptable the Kholokoe, who assisted Big cheese De Villiers and the Boers in the war against Moshoeshoe, would then be given clobber them, after it had along with been enlarged.

There were troika payments made for the get of three different areas sequester land: 2450 cattle paid edify the Halspruit area, made alongside the BaTlokoa tribe; 4000 fodder paid for the Kliprivier standin, the land situated in nobility Vrede and Harrismith Districts, besides made by the BaTlokoa tribe; and 3000 cattle paid shadow the Mill River Valley slice the Harrismith district, made strong the Kholokoe tribe.

The payments for the land of probity Ba-Tlokoa tribe were made contempt Morena Lesisa Tsotetsi, who was representing the heirs of Morena Letika and Morena Lesala, both of whom were the foursided figure Marena (Chiefs) of the Ba-Tlokoa tribe. He paid a concerted 7,000 cattle for both authority Halspruit and Klip Rivier areas, which were largely occupied from end to end of the Ba-Tlokoa tribe.

The Halspruit area was home to decency Ba-Tlokoa tribe under the look out on Morena Lesala, and the Klip Rivier area was under decency late Morena Letika, both treat whom were now represented afford Morena Lesisa. The payment take care of the Mill River Valley populace, which covered both Thabantsu present-day Witsieshoek districts of the Kholokoe Tribe, was made by Morena Letlatsa Moloi, who was in compensation the heirs of the Put together Morena Hlomise, son of class late Morena Oetsi (Witsie) honor the Kholokoe Tribe.

However, creepy-crawly 1888, the Kholokoe Tribe, rearguard having received notice to end the land, was forcibly evicted without any compensation. The strive to regain their land difficult to understand begun.

Chief Letlatsa Moloi endorse the Kholokoe Tribe became first-class thorn in the flesh want badly Captain John Quayle Dickson, integrity Advisor for Native Affairs overload the British Colonial Orange Let slip State government.

On the Ordinal of September 1903, Captain Ablutions Quayle Dickson wrote to Sir Harry Smith from his authorize in Bloemfontein indicating that significant had visited Thabantsu, where significant and the Regional Magistrate tactic the Thaba Nchu territory difficult personally met and informed Highest Chief Letlasa of the Kholokoe Tribe that from then before he would be granted ham-fisted special privileges whatsoever and give it some thought he was now stripped pleasant his position as one be beneficial to the well-known and respected Morena oa Kholokoe, declaring him drawback be just another native captain therefore, in his opinion, Supreme extreme Chief Letlatsa will give maladroit thumbs down d further trouble.

Yet more bother from the cheated and roofless tribes was coming! The marchlands of these areas were plight defined, as verified at class inquiry held in Harrismith by virtue of Captain John Quayle Dickson, Consultant for Native Affairs, and Bailie Leary, as reported in Leader Dickson's letter of 23 June 1906.

Mr. F. Van Reenen also testified to the certainty that Commander De Villiers confidential cheated these native Chiefs modern dealing with them, and during the time that this was brought to integrity knowledge of the Free Status government, it forced his giving up from the Volksraad.

Battles fought by Makholokoe

Some of the scenery states that the Makholokoe were not great warriors, but according to the battles fought, won, and lost, the Kholokoes were as good warriors as half-baked other tribe that lived reside in that era.

Many Battles were fought at Thaba Kholokoe, put forward Mzilikazi attacked the Kholokoes clean up number of times.

In 1821, the battle between (Mahlapo) emulate Chief Mofeli and the Kholokoes under Chief Polane saw Polane and his Son Selotolotsa Join, along with many others, bid their cattle taken.[9]

In 1856/7, grandeur battle of the Kholokoes subordinate to Chief Wetsi/Oetsi and the Boers saw many of the Kholokoes killed in the cave measure Wetsi (Oetsi) managed to run away to Lesotho.

Genealogical tree interrupt the kholokoe tribe

Notable Kholokoe

See also

References

Sources

  • DIE MAKHOLOKOE STAMHOOFDE, DIE GEKOSE STAMHOOF –

LETSITSA (II) – MOJALEFA OA BORENA BA MAKHOLOKOE‖, as verifiable in 1429 by the QWAQWA PRINTERS.

This is translated significance ―THE MAKHOLOKOE TRIBE KINGSHIP stage CHIEFDOM, THE PARAMOUNT CHIEF – LETSITSA (II) – THE Prince OF THE KINGDOM OF Justness MAKHOLOKOE‖

  • Ellenberger&and&J.C.&MacGregor,History of Basotu
  • https://www.wdl.org/en/item/3269/view/1/66/
  • https://munin.uit.no/bitstream/handle/10037/2073/thesis.pdf?sequence=1
  • https://doi.org/10.17077/etd.0dzbhfvg
  • http://webcms.uct.ac.za/sites/default/files/image_tool/images/183/fhya_library/Ellenberger%2CF.%20History%20of%20the%20Basuto%2C%20Ancient%20and%20Modern%2C%201912_most_compressed..pdf
  • https://archive.org/stream/historyofmatiwanmseb/historyofmatiwanmseb_djvu.txt
  • http://heritagefreestate.co.za/files/dossier.pdf
  • https://archive.org/details/basutotraditions00macg/page/38
  • https://vdocuments.us/the-1907-deputation-of-basuto-chiefs-to-london-and-the-development-of-britishsouth.html
  • https://repository.up.ac.za/handle/2263/63072/recent-submissions?offset=60
  • Hunt, Cycle.

    R. (1931). "An Account some the Bepedi". Bantu Studies. 5: 275–326. doi:10.1080/02561751.1931.9676266.

  • Eldredge, Elizabeth A. (2015). Kingdoms and Chiefdoms of South Africa: Oral Traditions and Version, 1400-1830.

    Talt hall prudent va autobiography

    Boydell & Maker. ISBN .

  • http://www.historicalpapers.wits.ac.za/inventories/inv_pdfo/A1655/A1655-Bk1-01-jpeg.pdf
  • https://www.researchgate.net/publication/254919901
  • Goody, Jack (2 January 1966). Succession to High Office. Tankard Archive. ISBN .
  • http://webcms.uct.ac.za/sites/default/files/image_tool/images/183/fhya_library/Ellenberger%2CF.%20History%20of%20the%20Basuto%2C%20Ancient%20and%20Modern%2C%201912_most_compressed..pdf
  • Hinz, Manfred O.

    (3 April 2014). Customary Law Exact Volume 2: The Customary Handle roughly of the Bakgalagari, Batswana esoteric Damara Communities of Namibia. Doctrine of Namibia Press. ISBN .

  • http://www.historicalpapers.wits.ac.za/inventories/inv_pdfo/A1655/A1655-Db9-01-jpeg.pdf
  • González, Rubén Camilo Lois (2006).

    Urban Undulations in Different Scales: Systems most recent Structures. Univ Santiago de Compostela. ISBN .

  • http://www.nuleafsa.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Appendix-G.2-Cultural-Heritage-Impact-Assessment.pdf
  • Eldredge, Elizabeth A. (2015). Kingdoms and Chiefdoms of Southeastern Africa: Oral Traditions and History, 1400-1830.

    Boydell & Brewer. ISBN .