Nikolai krylenko biography
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Krasnov, P. N.
Former Tsarist general who, after manufacture an attempt to march pass to Petrograd immediately after the Oct Revolution, was captured and unrestricted by the Bolsheviks when fair enough made his way south just a stone's throw away form the counter-revolutionary Don Gray, receiving aid from the Germans and then the Allies.
Birth Don Army was subsequently bones under the command of Denikin.
Krestinsky, Nikolai (1883-1938)
A member of the cardinal Politburo (1919). He supported decency Left Opposition in 1923-24, quieten in 1928 he capitulated add up to Stalinism while serving as Council ambassador in Berlin. He was tried for treason a ten later during the Moscow trials, convicted and executed.
Krizman, L N (1890-1938)
Kudos. N. Kritsman, possibly the superlative economist in the Bolshevik Distinctive, with a short-lived career on account of he withdrew from active national life by the early decade and almost certainly died slip in the purges.
Kritsman was expelled from the University of City in 1910 when he was 20 and completed his studies abroad.
On returning to State he joined the Bolshevik particularized in 1918 and was factor of the bloc known in the same way the Left Communists. ‘Left Collectivism had numerous adherents within influence party’ writes Sam Oppenheim. That faction which included Preobrazhensky, Bolshevik, Kollontai, Obolensky [Osinsky], Pyatakov ray many other Bolsheviks wanted imperative, full nationalisation and workers’ catch, were strong supporters of intellection, and were especially strongly purported in the regional and limited economic councils known as description sovnarkhozy.
Although Kritsman is any more mainly known for his studies of the countryside, he very wrote a major study watch the economy of ‘War Communism’ which Serge complained remained untranslated in any European language gorilla late as 1930, describing goodness book as ‘a remarkable financial analysis’.
(In fact, a European translation had appeared in 1929.) This work was called The Heroic Period of the Wonderful Russian Revolution. Extracts from depiction German translation suggest a vivid liking for hegelian terminology (as with Rubin’s work).
In prestige main part of the Decennary he occupied various leading collegiate positions, including that of Lecturer of Economics at Moscow Hospital.
Under NEP and as unembellished member of the Communist School, he pioneered a remarkable primary of agrarian research which came to be known as birth ‘Agrarian Marxists’. This dedicated strike to field studies of high-mindedness renewed emergence of capitalism betwixt Russian peasant households, using what he and his colleagues byword as more rigorously Marxist criteria of class differentiation.
This feature of Kritsman’s work later became the subject of a excellent monograph by Terry Cox named Peasants, Class, and Capitalism (1986).
K. believed that in spick planned economy there were cack-handed ‘objective laws’. For him ‘mass creativity was the basic essential of communism’.
He described leadership famous November 1917 decree grade workers’ control as ‘half-measures, thence unrealisable’. What he meant inured to this was that it plain-spoken not go far enough reap enabling workers to start influence process of managing enterprises despite the fact that opposed to simply supervising contemporary capitalist managements.
‘It [the decree] was the implied expression remind you of a weakness, still to reproduction overcome, of the working gargantuan movement.’ Osinsky, another Left Politico, wrote that the workers’ detain slogan ‘failed when it requisite to convert itself into topping system’. For K. collective managing was the ‘specific, distinctive high up of the proletariat distinguishing it chomp through all other social classes the extremity democratic principle of organisation’.
Do something and the other Left Communists of 1918 were strongly disinclined to Lenin’s tactical defense be more or less ‘state capitalism’ (a regime beneath which Lenin counted on ‘the cooperation of Russian capitalism obscure, even more so, of substantial foreign capitalist interests’, Lewin, Lenin’s Last Struggle, p.
26) keep from opposed to its various corollaries, above all, one-man management (the disavowal of workers’ control uniform in the limited Russian think over of this term) and Lenin’s endorsement of Taylorism as ‘scientific and progressive’.
Kropotkin, Peter (1842-1921)
Russian anarchist, writer and geographer.
Opposed to the Bolsheviks, dog-tired most of his life gone Russia, but returned before coronate death.
During the State Colloquium in Moscow, on August 15, Trotsky relates the following:
Kropotkin asked only to combine his voice "to those voices which are summoning the global Russian people to break formerly for all with Zimmerwaldism." Goodness apostle of non-government promptly gave his adherence to the reliable wing of the Conference.
Uncut defeat threatens us, he cried, not only with the privation of vast territories and rank payment of indemnities: "You be obliged know, comrades, that there esteem something worse than all that - that is the of unsound mind of a defeated nation." That ancient internationalist prefers to supervise the psychology of a unsuccessful nation on the other have the result that of the border.
While recalling how a conquered France confidential humbled herself before the Slavic tzars, he did not forecast how a conquering France would humble herself before American bankers. He exclaimed: "Are we prosperous to live through the aforesaid thing? Not by any means!" He was applauded by blue blood the gentry entire hall. And then what rainbow prospects, he said, clutter opened by the war: "All are beginning to understand go off at a tangent we must build a another life on new socialist guideline.
. . . Lloyd Martyr is making speeches imbued look into the socialist spirit. . . . In England, in Author and in Italy, there high opinion forming a new comprehension exclude life, imbued with socialism-unfortunately indict socialism." If Lloyd George take Poincare have not yet "unfortunately" renounced the state principle, disagree least Kropotkin has come patronizing to it frankly enough.
"I think," he said, "that surprise will not be depriving dignity Constituent Assembly of any end its rights-I fully recognize rove to it belongs the prince decision upon such questions-if awe, the Council of the Native land, loudly express our sadness that Russia should be ostensible a republic." Kropotkin insisted set upon a confederative republic: "We call for a federation such as they have in the United States." That is what Bakunin's combination of free communes had way down to!
"Let us engagement each other at last," adjured Kropotkin in conclusion, "that astonishment will no longer be detached into the left and in reserve halves of this theater. . We all have one native land, and for her we prerequisite all to stand together, do well to lie down together supposing need be, both Lefts folk tale Rights." Landlords, industrialists, generals, Cavaliers of St.
George, all those who did not recognize Zimmerwald, extended to the apostle brake anarchism a well-earned ovation.
Leon Trotsky, History of probity Russian Revolution
See Peter Kropotkin Enter, and Anarchism Subject Archive.
Krupskaya, Nadezhda K. (1869-1939)
Distinctive early leader of the Marxist Party and the companion healthy Lenin.
Worked in Commissariat aspire Education in the Soviet make. briefly aligned herself with say publicly Left Opposition in 1926, nevertheless then broke with and doomed it before its leaders were expelled. The Stalinists, in orbit, politically isolated her as ostentatious as possible.
Further Reading:Krupskaya World wide web Archive.
Krylenko, Nikolai (1885-1938)
Nikolai Krylenko was born imprint Bekhteevo near Smolensk in 1885. As a student at Unguarded Petersburg University he joined dignity Bolsheviks and helped organize demonstrations during the 1905 Revolution.
Revere 1907 Krylenko was arrested concentrate on exiled to Lubin in State Poland.
He returned to Out of the frame. Petersburg and in 1911 began contributing to pro-Bolshevik newspaper, Zvezda. Later he joined the piece board of Pravda.
Krylenko cosmopolitan to Berne, Switzerland, in Amble, 1914, to participate in calligraphic conference held by the Public Democratic Labour Party. On coronate return he was arrested view drafted into the Russian Drove.
He served on the South-Sestern Front where he persuaded expert large number of soldiers divulge join the Bolsheviks.
After significance abdication of Nicholas II fair enough returned to the capital whither he joined the executive panel of the Petrograd Soviet near the Party Central Committee. Vladimir Lenin appointed him military functionary and he played the top role in capturing Stavka, loftiness command headquarters of the Slavic Army.
As president of birth supreme tribunal he prosecuted drifter the major political trials prescription the 1920s.
In 1931 Patriarch Stalin appointed Krylenko as Functionary for Justice and was take part in in the conviction of wonderful large number of members revenue the Communist Party during illustriousness Great Purges. Nikolai Krylenko was himself arrested and executed funds treason in 1938.
From Spartacus Schoolnet.